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目的比较2007年合肥市流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行前、后期健康人群免疫水平。方法在全市城区和农村按整群分层抽样方法,在乙脑流行前、后期分别进行健康人群免疫水平监测。结果流行前期乙脑抗体总阳性率为61.0%(218/356),农村低于城市,以15～19岁年龄段阳性率最高86.0%(42/49),以≤1岁年龄段阳性率最低为44.0%(17/39),20岁以前阳性率随着年龄的增大而增长;流行后期总阳性率84.0%(296/351),流行后农村84.0%(136/162)与城市84.7%(160/189)基本持平;<2周岁儿童在流行期前后的阳性率差异最大。结论流行前期合肥市健康人群乙脑免疫水平低于流行后期,农村地区的乙脑免疫水平低于城市,<2周岁儿童为乙脑的高危险人群,应提高该年龄段人群的免疫接种率。
Objective To compare the immune status of healthy population before and after the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Hefei in 2007. Methods In urban and rural areas, stratified cluster sampling method was used to monitor the immune status of healthy population before and after the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis. Results The positive rate of pre-epidemic encephalitis B was 61.0% (218/356). The prevalence of encephalitis B was 86.0% (42/49) in rural areas from 15 to 19 years old, and the lowest was in ≤1 years (44.0%, 17/39). The positive rate increased with the increase of age before the age of 20 years. The prevalence rate was 84.0% (296/351) in the late epidemic period, 84.0% (136/162) in rural areas and 84.7% (160/189) were basically the same. The difference between the two-year-old children before and after the epidemic was the highest. Conclusion The pre-epidemic ejaculation levels of healthy people in Hefei are lower than those in the late epidemic. The immunity of JE in rural areas is lower than that of urban areas. Children <2 years of age are at high risk of JE. The immunization rate should be increased in this age group.