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目的调查一起群体性食物中毒发生原因,为预防类似事件发生及处理提供参考。方法采用现场流行病学和卫生学调查方法,并采集留样食品和病人排泄物进行实验室检测。结果该事件在3.5h内共发生85人食物中毒,84人经治疗痊愈出院,1名深度昏迷者经抢救无效死亡。现场采集的7份标本检测亚硝酸盐含量均呈强阳性,定量检测32.8~548.0mg/kg,超过国家强制性标准。结合临床症状体征、流行病学调查、现场卫生学调查及实验室检测结果,证实为一起误将亚硝酸盐当食盐使用引起的中毒事件。结论亚硝酸盐有较强的毒性,其性状与食盐相近,因此,应加强对其生产流通和使用的监管,避免误食事件的发生。
Objective To investigate the causes of mass food poisoning and provide reference for preventing the occurrence and treatment of similar incidents. Methods The on-site epidemiology and hygiene investigation methods were adopted, and samples of food samples and patients’ excrement were collected for laboratory testing. Results The incident in a total of 3.5h food poisoning occurred in 85 people, 84 were cured after treatment discharged, a deep coma who died after treatment. The seven samples collected at the scene were strongly positive for nitrite, with a quantitative detection of 32.8-584.0 mg / kg, exceeding the national compulsory standard. Combined with clinical symptoms and signs, epidemiological investigation, field health survey and laboratory test results, confirmed as a mistake with nitrite salt poisoning caused by the incident. Conclusion Nitrite has strong toxicity and its characters are similar to salt. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the production, distribution and use of nitrite and avoid the occurrence of eating events.