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墙体顶部斜裂缝问题一直是困扰设计和施工人员的重要课题,以往的研究往往将这种斜裂缝的形成归结于温度变化、地基不均匀沉降等因素。从竖向荷载差的角度,采用有限元方法,对竖向荷载差作用下砌体墙体模型进行模拟分析,得到的裂缝位置、形态特征与理论分析以及试验结果吻合较好,证实了竖向荷载差理论是正确的,为研究此类问题提供了一种合理有效的方法。同时,对带构造措施和不带构造措施的砌体进行对比模拟,探讨防止竖向荷载差裂缝的有效方法。
The problem of diagonal cracks at the top of the wall has always been an important issue for designers and constructors. Previous studies often attributed the formation of oblique cracks to temperature changes and uneven subsidence of the foundation. From the point of view of vertical load difference, the finite element method was used to simulate the masonry wall model under the effect of vertical load difference. The obtained crack location and shape characteristics are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis and experimental results, The theory of load difference is correct, which provides a reasonable and effective method for studying such problems. At the same time, the comparison and simulation of masonry with and without structural measures are carried out to find out the effective methods to prevent vertical load cracks.