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初中物理教学中,科学探究既是学生的一个学习目标,又是一种重要的教学方式。由于学生知识和经验的限制,猜想与假设既是学生进行探究活动的开始,又是教师进行科学探究教学的切入点。培养学生猜想与假设的能力需要建立民主平等的师生关系,创设一定的情境,充分挖掘教材的小实验及学生的生活经验,教给学生常用的猜想方法,同时适当介绍物理学史,不断提高教师自身的教育素养。
In junior high school physics teaching, scientific inquiry is not only a learning goal of students, but also an important teaching method. Due to the limitations of students’ knowledge and experience, the conjecture and hypothesis are not only the starting point for students to conduct inquiry activities, but also the starting point for teachers to conduct science inquiry teaching. The ability to cultivate students ’conjectures and hypotheses needs to establish a democratic and equitable relationship between teachers and students, to create a certain situation, to fully tap the small experiment teaching materials and students’ life experience, to teach students commonly used methods of conjecture, while appropriate introduction of the history of physics, and continuously improve Teachers’ own educational attainments.