论文部分内容阅读
钢铁工业是能耗的大户,占国民经济总能耗的12％左右,因而引起人们的特殊关注。近二十年来,由于能源危机的冲击,钢铁冶炼节能技术得到不断发展,使其能耗大幅度下降,见图1。钢铁工业能耗降低的主要原因是:氧气顶吹转炉炼钢逐步代替了平炉炼钢,广泛采用了连铸技术及过程自动控制,实行了能源管理。平炉炼钢的能耗为4000MJ/T钢,(MJ=10~焦耳、指单一炼钢方法的能耗)而氧气转炉炼钢仅约650MJ/T钢。模铸钢锭开坯的能耗约1200MJ/T钢,而连铸坯的能耗仅为300MJ/T钢。可见,钢铁生产工艺的每一个
The steel industry is a large energy consumption, accounting for about 12% of the total national energy consumption, which aroused people’s special attention. In the past two decades, due to the impact of the energy crisis, energy-saving technologies for steel smelting have been continuously developed, resulting in a significant drop in energy consumption (Figure 1). The main reason for the reduction of energy consumption in the iron and steel industry is that oxygen top-blown converter steelmaking gradually replaced open hearth steelmaking, extensively adopted continuous casting technology and process automatic control, and implemented energy management. The energy consumption of open hearth steelmaking is 4000MJ / T steel (MJ = 10 ~ Joule, referring to the energy consumption of a single steelmaking process) while oxygen converter steelmaking is only about 650MJ / T steel. Die cast ingot billet energy consumption about 1200MJ / T steel, while the slab energy consumption is only 300MJ / T steel. Visible, each of the steel production process