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比较了水蒸气蒸馏(HDSE)、同时蒸馏萃取(SDE)、溶剂浸提(SE)、超声辅助提取(UAE)、微波辅助提取(MAE)和超声-微波协同萃取(UMAE)作为预处理方法提取艾纳香叶中左旋龙脑、异龙脑和樟脑的效率,并联合气相色谱(GC)对三种化合物进行测定,通过方法学验证评价各方法的准确性和精密性。结果显示,UMAE是最快速的预处理方法,处理时间仅30 s。方法学验证显示六种预处理方法联合GC测定的精密性都满足要求,RSD小于3%。仅测定左旋龙脑时,六种预处理方法联合GC的准确性都达标(回收率86%~100%);若同时测定三种化合物时,仅HDSE-GC符合规定(回收率100%~105%)。利用HDSE-GC和UMAE-GC测定采收期内艾纳香叶,发现10月中旬至次年1月中旬的艾纳香叶中左旋龙脑含量较高,适合作为左旋龙脑的生产原料。为快速分析艾纳香叶的左旋龙脑含量及选择最适采收期提供可靠准确的数据支撑。
Compared with HDSE, SDE, SE, UAE, MAE and UMAE were extracted as pretreatment methods The efficiencies of levorotary, isoborneol and camphor in the leaves of Anemarrhena asiatica were determined by gas chromatography (GC). The accuracy and precision of each method were evaluated by methodological validation. The results show that UMAE is the fastest pretreatment method with a processing time of only 30 s. Methodological validation showed that the precision of the six pretreatment methods combined with GC met the requirements, with a RSD of less than 3%. When only levobetaine was measured, the accuracy of the six pretreatment methods in combination with GC reached the standard (recovery of 86% -100%); only HDSE-GC was conformed to the three compounds simultaneously (recovery 100% -105 %). The HDA-GC and UMAE-GC were used to determine the leaves of A. capitatum during the harvesting period. It was found that the content of levucambran was high in mid-October from mid-October to mid-January. To provide a reliable and accurate data support for the rapid analysis of levobuterol content and the selection of the optimal harvest time for A. napus.