抗生素目前依然是治疗感染性疾病的唯一选择,它们可以单独使用,或者跟其他药物联合使用。但是,抗生素理化性质的局限性、毒副作用和日益严重的细菌耐药性不容忽视。近年来,基于生物材料构建的给药系统在纳米技术条件下迅猛发展,纳米尺度的制剂往往具有靶向性、长效性和可控性,有力改善了药物的疗效,降低了用药剂量和毒副作用。壳聚糖有极好的生物相容性、生物可降解性和抗菌活性,是极具应用价值的高分子材料和添加剂。通过参阅近3年来的文献,作者概述了壳聚糖在纳米给药系统中作为抗生素载体的应用,特别是能显著改善抗生素对耐药菌、生物膜和胞内细菌的抑制活力,展示该生物大分子的临床应用前景。 Antibiotics are still the only options available to treat infectious diseases, either alone or in combination with other drugs. However, the limitations of physical and chemical properties of antibiotics, toxic side effects and increasingly serious bacterial resistance can not be ignored. In recent years, drug delivery systems based on biomaterials have been developed rapidly under the condition of nanotechnology. Nano-scale preparations tend to be targeted, long-acting and controllable, which effectively improves the curative effect of drugs and reduces dosage and toxicity side effect. Chitosan has excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial activity, it is a highly valuable polymer materials and additives. By reviewing the literature over the past three years, the authors outlined the use of chitosan as an antibiotic carrier in nanodisciplinary systems, and in particular, significantly improved the inhibitory activity of antibiotics on resistant bacteria, biofilms and intracellular bacteria, demonstrated the biological Clinical application of macromolecules.