硝酸甘油耐受极大地限制了其临床长期使用,其发生机制尚未完全阐明.本研究分析了硝酸甘油耐受大鼠主动脉转录组的变化.通过RNA测序鉴定及检测mRNAs和lncRNAs,利用IPA进行差异基因的通路分析,使用RT-qPCR验证测序结果.在硝酸甘油耐受大鼠主动脉组织中,我们共鉴定了22788个基因(RPKM＞ 0.1,其中有14720个蛋白编码基因、4408个lncRNAs),差异表达的mRNAs有115个(上调65个,下调50个),差异表达的lncRNAs有104个(上调56个,下调48个).IPA分析显示经典通路“Rho家族GTP酶信号通路”被抑制,6个上游调控因子发生了改变,11个基因与“血压异常”有关.通过对其邻近基因的分析来预测差异表达lncRNAs的顺式调控靶基因,结果显示26个蛋白编码基因附近有28个差异表达lncRNAs,许多差异表达mRNAs和差异表达lncRNAs的顺式调控靶基因与血压或细胞收缩的调节有关.本研究表明,失调的mRNAs和lncRNAs参与了硝酸甘油耐受性的发生,有望从中发现预防和逆转硝酸甘油耐受的潜在新靶点.“,”Tolerance to nitroglycerin (GTN) greatly limits its long-time application,and the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored.In the present study,we aimed to investigate the comprehensive changes in the transcriptome of rat aorta tolerant to GTN by analyzing lncRNA expression.We employed the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technique to identify mRNAs and lncRNAs.Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used for pathway and functional analysis.RT-qPCR was used to validate the RNA-seq results.We identified 22788 genes (reads per kilobase million[RPKM]＞ 0.1,14720 protein-coding genes and 4408 lncRNAs),including 115 differentially expressed (DE) rnRNAs (65 up-regulated and 50 down-regulated) and 104 DE lncRNAs (56 up-regulated and 48 down-regulated),in GTN-tolerant aortas.IPA revealed the inhibition of a canonical pathway“Signaling by Rho Family GTPases” and alteration in six upstream regulators.Functional analysis showed that 11 genes were related to “disorder of blood pressure”.We predicted the cis-target genes of DE lncRNAs by the analysis of their neighboring genes.The results revealed the 28 DE lncRNAs adjacent to the 26 protein-coding genes.Many DE mRNAs and cis-target genes of DE lncRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of blood pressure or cell contraction.These results suggested that the dysregulated mRNAs and lncRNAs contributed to the development of GTN tolerance and could serve as potential targets to prevent and reverse GTN tolerance.