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目的通过分析我市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,了解儿童死亡的变化趋势,探讨有力的干预措施,提高儿童保健服务的质量,改善儿童的生存状况。方法收集2003年~2013年江门市5岁以下儿童死亡报告卡及当年的漏报调查资料,根据国际疾病分类进行死亡情况的系统分析。结果 11年间江门市各年龄段的死亡率总体呈下降趋势,从2003年的8.75‰、7.26‰、4.30‰,下降到2013年6.75‰、5.23‰、3.59‰,具有明显的统计学差异(P<0.001);婴儿死亡633例,占5岁以下儿童死亡的77.48%;新生儿死亡435例,占婴儿死亡的68.72%;早产低体重、先天性心脏病和新生儿重度窒息是主要引起儿童死亡的病因。结论降低5岁以下儿童病死率的关键在于降低新生儿死亡率。重点是做好婚前医学检查,孕期保健,提倡住院分娩和科学接生。
Objective To analyze the trend of child deaths in our city by analyzing the death of children under 5 in our city and to explore effective interventions to improve the quality of child health services and improve the living conditions of children. Methods The death report cards of children under 5 years of age from 2003 to 2013 in Jiangmen were collected, and the data of omissions in the current year were collected. A systematic analysis of the deaths according to the international classification of diseases was conducted. Results The mortality of all age groups in Jiangmen ten years decreased from 8.75 ‰, 7.26 ‰ and 4.30 ‰ in 2003 to 6.75 ‰, 5.23 ‰ and 3.59 ‰ in 2013, respectively, with significant statistical difference (P <0.001). There were 633 infant deaths, accounting for 77.48% of the total deaths of children under 5 years of age. 435 neonatal deaths accounted for 68.72% of all infant deaths. Premature birth, low birth weight, congenital heart disease and neonatal severe asphyxia were the major causes of death The etiology. Conclusion The key to reducing mortality in children under 5 years of age is reducing neonatal mortality. The focus is to do premarital medical examination, pregnancy care, promote hospital delivery and scientific delivery.