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目的:了解0～1岁儿童出生缺陷群体中的发生水平和分布特点并分析其流行因素,为降低出生缺陷率和制定出生缺陷干预方案提供科学依据。方法:2008～2009年针对产科、儿科进行监测,由医务部和感染管理科专人负责管理与质控,收集资料,调查对象为在友谊医院分娩0～1岁的婴儿及中期引产胎儿的出生缺陷情况。结果:出生缺陷发生率2008年是1.97%(45/2279),2009年是2.18%(50/2298);围产儿死亡率2008年1.32%(30/2279),2009年是1.39%(32/2298);新生儿死亡率2008年0.80%(8/999),2009年是0.95%(11/1154),均为上升趋势。出生缺陷排前6位分别是先天性心脏病、其他(肾缺如、多囊肾)、多指(趾)、唇裂合并腭裂、外耳其他畸形、腹裂。结论:为提高出生人口素质,降低出生缺陷,有必要制定科学有效的管理机制及干预措施。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the occurrence and distribution characteristics of birth defects among children aged 0 ~ 1 years and to analyze the prevalence of these factors in order to provide a scientific basis for reducing the birth defect rate and formulating the intervention program for birth defects. Methods: From 2008 to 2009, obstetrics and gynecology were monitored. The medical department and infection management specialist were responsible for the management and quality control. Data were collected from the birth defects of infants aged 0-1 and infants born at mid-term hospital at Friendship Hospital Happening. Results: The incidence of birth defects was 1.97% (45 of 2279) in 2008 and 2.18% (50/2298) in 2009; perinatal mortality was 1.32% (30 of 2279) in 2008 and 1.39% (32 of 2009) 2298). The neonatal mortality rate was 0.80% (8/999) in 2008 and 0.95% (11/1154) in 2009, both of which are on the rise. The top 6 birth defects were congenital heart disease, other (kidney deficiency, polycystic kidney disease), multiple fingers (toes), cleft lip with cleft palate, other malformations of the external ear, and abdominal disruption. Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of birth population and reduce birth defects, it is necessary to formulate scientific and effective management mechanism and intervention measures.