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一、前言在铁路车辆中,正逐渐装用自动车钩代替现用的牵引缓冲装置。随着这一发展,合理的制造车底架也逐渐具有深远的意义。特别有必要阐明,在考虑轻型车辆结构时,究竟是采用置于侧墙平面内的纵梁有利呢,还是让纵向力经由中央梁传递有利。对这一问题很难作出确切答案,因为根据经验,几乎不可能按现有的载荷及材料许用应力,以光学法来考虑一多次静不定系统中的各个元件。在大多数情况下,只能校核在许用应力范围内的现成结构。所以也就不可能以这种方法来比较不同的车辆结构,即在同样的载荷和许用应力下,经过试验求得自重最小的车型。
First, the preface In the railway vehicles, is gradually loaded with automatic hook instead of the existing traction buffer device. With this development, a reasonable manufacturing chassis also gradually has far-reaching significance. It is particularly necessary to clarify whether it is advantageous to consider whether the structure of a light vehicle is to be a side sill placed in the plane of the side wall or to transmit the longitudinal force through the center beam. It is hard to give a definitive answer to this question because, based on experience, it is almost impossible to consider the various elements of a static system indefinitely using optical methods in accordance with existing loads and material allowable stresses. In most cases, only the ready-made structure within the allowable stress range can be checked. Therefore, it is impossible to compare different vehicle structures in this way, that is, under the same load and allowable stress, the least self-weighted models are obtained through experiments.