内战结束以后,基于还清战争债务和财政平衡的需要,美国延续了内战时期形成的高关税政策。1890年,共和党控制的国会通过了《麦金莱关税法》,大幅度提高了关税税率,确立了高关税政策。《麦金莱关税法》中,提出了互惠原则,这在美国关税史上占有非常重要的地位,具有深远影响。 After the civil war ended, the United States continued the high-tariff policy formed during the civil war on the basis of paying off the debt and fiscal balance of the war. In 1890, Republican-controlled parliament passed the “McKinley Tariff Act,” drastically raising the tariff rate and establishing a high-tariff policy. In the “McKinley Customs Tariff Law,” the principle of reciprocity has been put forward. This principle occupies a very important place in the history of the U.S. customs and has far-reaching implications.