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对我国珍稀濒危冷水性鱼类——黑龙江茴鱼的野生及养殖群体食道、胃、幽门盲囊及肠组织淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性进行了测定。试验结果表明,两群体4种组织中淀粉酶活性表现为幽门盲囊>肠道>胃>食道,且野生群体在幽门盲囊及肠道中的酶活性高于养殖群体;胰蛋白酶表现为肠>幽门盲囊>胃>食道,且养殖群体幽门盲囊、胃及肠中的胰蛋白酶活性均高于野生群体相应组织;而黑龙江茴鱼各消化器官均有一定的脂肪酶活性,且幽门盲囊与胃中酶活性较高,食道和肠较低,且养殖茴鱼幽门盲囊及胃中脂肪酶活性高于野生群体。黑龙江茴鱼体内消化酶的活性及分布可能与其偏肉食性的食性有关,而野生群体及养殖群体之间的差异,推测是由于人工驯化投喂人工饵料中碳水化合物及蛋白含量与天然饵料的差异造成的。应继续探索野生及人工养殖状态下该鱼消化及营养需求的最佳平衡点,以达到低耗高产,健康养殖的目的,并推动促进茴鱼养殖业的迅速、可持续性发展。
The activities of amylase, trypsin and lipase in the gut, stomach, pyloric sac and intestine of wild and cultured population of rare and endangered cold water fish-Heilongjiang River grayling were tested. The results showed that the activity of amylase in four tissues of two groups showed pyloric sac> intestinal> stomach> esophagus, and the activity of wild group in pyloric sac and gut was higher than that in cultured group; the expression of trypsin in intestinal> Pyloric sac> stomach> esophagus, and the tryptase sacs in the pyloric sac and stomach and intestine of the cultured group were higher than those in the corresponding wild populations. However, the digestive organs of Heilongjiang Sagittarius had some lipase activity, And gastric enzyme activity is higher, lower esophagus and intestine, and cultured pyloric pyloric sac and gastric lipase activity was higher than the wild population. The activity and distribution of digestive enzymes in Heilongjiang hippophae may be related to their partial carnivore feeding habits, while the differences between wild and cultured groups are presumed to be due to the differences in carbohydrate and protein content in artificial diet fed with artificial diet and natural diets Caused. We should continue to explore the optimal balance point for digestibility and nutrition of the fish in wild and farmed conditions in order to achieve the goal of low production, high yield and healthy farming and to promote the rapid and sustainable development of the industry.