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【摘要】 目的:探讨在平卧位牵引床与侧卧位普通床下应用PFNA内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效与安全性。方法:回顾性分析2009年9月-2013年4月本院有完整随访资料的患者共57例,其中采用平卧位牵引床患者35例,普通手术床健侧卧位22例,比较两组患者的体位摆放时间、手术时间、术中显性失血量、切口总长度、术后骨折复位程度以及1、3、6个月髋关节功能Harris评分方面的差异。结果:随访6~16个月,平均12.8个月;两组术中显性出血量、切口长度、术后髋关节功能评分的比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而侧卧位组的体位摆放时间、手术时间短于平卧位组(P<0.05);复位程度上,平卧位组优于侧卧位组(P<0.05)。结论:侧卧位及平卧位均适于股骨转子间骨折行PFNA内固定,实践中可根据手术医师及患者的个体特点选择应用,侧卧位更适合身材肥胖、下肢短缩的患者。
【关键词】 体位选择; 股骨转子间骨折; PFNA
The Clinical Efficacy of PFNA Internal Fixation in the Treatment for Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Two Position/LI Jian-fei,CHEN Jia-ping,ZHANG Jie,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(12):121-123
【Abstract】 Objective: To study the clinical efficacy and safety in different position of PFNA for the clinical treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. Method: 57 patients with complete follow-up data in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups through the retrospective analysis from September 2009 to April 2013. The control group (n=22) was taken lateral position in ordinary operation bed, the treatment group was taken supine position in traction bed. The differences between the two groups in position time, surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, the total length of incision, the degree of reduction of fracture after operation and the function of hip joint by Harris score of 1, 3,6 months were compared. Result: 57 patients were followed up for 6 to 16 months, an average of 12.8 months. There were not statistical significant difference in blood loss, the total length of incision and Harris hip score system of two groups (P>0.05). There were statistical significant differences of operative time, position time and the reduction degree (P<0.05). Conclusion: The two kinds of postures are both effective treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. And the lateral position is more suitable for fat, lower limb shortening patients.
【Key words】 Position selection; Femoral intertrochanteric fracture; PFNA
First-author’s address:The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Liuan City,Liuan 237000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.12.047
股骨转子间骨折是最常见的老年髋部骨折,手术治疗较保守治疗可减少并发症、降低死亡率已成为临床工作者的共识。其中PFNA内固定因具有创伤小、手术操作简单、固定可靠等特点治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效也毋庸置疑,但究其选用何种体位却鲜有文献报道。因此本文拟通过回顾性分析本院2009年9月-2013年4月选用PFNA内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的患者57例,探讨不同体位下手术的临床疗效与安全性。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 收集2009年9月-2013年4月采用PFNA内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的患者57例,男21例,女36例;年龄66~89岁,平均75.6岁;其中行走滑倒跌伤30例,交通损伤27例;骨折类型按照Evans-Jensen分型[1];部分患者合并有心血管、内分泌系统疾病,经相应治疗后无手术禁忌证,所有手术均由同一组医师独立操作完成。将患者按随机数字表法分为平卧位组(n=35)与侧卧位组(n=22),两组患者的一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性,见表1。 此外股骨转子间骨折多为老年人,患者往往并发各种其他疾病,机体免疫力降低,需要麻醉医师及手术医师的紧密配合。手术操作时,平卧位的骨折复位优势是明显的,但侧卧位无需加装牵引床,体位摆放简单、导钉定位及置钉更方便。本研究结果提示两组患者显性失血量无明显差异,这与既往研究结果不相一致,考虑与术者操作习惯的不同有关[9-12]。对于改良EvansⅠ型、Ⅱ型股骨转子间骨折移位较少或术前牵引后容易复位以及肥胖、下肢较短、估计平卧位手术难以置钉的患者,侧卧位手术无疑是最佳的选择。
参考文献
[1] Evans E M.Trochanteric fracture [J].J B ONE Joint Sureg (Br),1951,33(11):192.
[2] Harris W H.Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and ace tabular fractures: treatment by mold arthroplasty. An end-result study using a new method of result evaluation[J].Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American Volume),1969,51(4):737-755.
[3] Strauss E,Frank J,Lee J,et al.Helical blade versus sliding hip screw for treatment of unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures: a biomechanical evaluation[J].Injury,2006,37(10):984.
[4]唐佩福,姚琦.股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片治疗高龄骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折[J].中华创伤骨科杂志,2007,9(7):622-624.
[5]施保华,尹峰.股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折[J].临床骨科杂志,2013,16(3):338-339.
[6] Huang Y,Zhang C.A comparative biomechanical study of proximal femoral nail (Inter TAN) and proximal femoral nail antirotation for intertrochanteric fractures[J].Int Orthop,2013,10(5):147-152.
[7]杨海林,张杰.DHS与PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效对比[J].中国骨与关节损伤杂志,2013,28(6):553-554.
[8]蒲道源,李建宏,秦华平,等.股骨转子间骨折PFNA内固定的体位选择初探[J].中国伤残医学,2012,20(12):7-9.
[9]傅玉萍,郭健凌,李霞,等.不同体位在老年股骨转子间骨折闭合复位PFNA内固定术中的应用[J].现代医药卫生,2013,28(1):63-64.
[10]任捷,尹昆.PFNA和Inter Tan方法治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效分析[J].中国医学创新,2013,23(10):6-7.
[11]刘巍,曹建明.侧卧体位下近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片治疗股骨转子间骨折32例疗效观察[J].蚌埠医学院学报,2012,37(9):1097-1098.
[12]邱志杰,杨惠林.PFNA治疗老龄不稳定股骨转子间骨折76例的临床疗效分析[J].重庆医学,2010,39(17):2270-2272.
(收稿日期:2014-02-07) (本文编辑:蔡元元)
【关键词】 体位选择; 股骨转子间骨折; PFNA
The Clinical Efficacy of PFNA Internal Fixation in the Treatment for Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Two Position/LI Jian-fei,CHEN Jia-ping,ZHANG Jie,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(12):121-123
【Abstract】 Objective: To study the clinical efficacy and safety in different position of PFNA for the clinical treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. Method: 57 patients with complete follow-up data in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups through the retrospective analysis from September 2009 to April 2013. The control group (n=22) was taken lateral position in ordinary operation bed, the treatment group was taken supine position in traction bed. The differences between the two groups in position time, surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, the total length of incision, the degree of reduction of fracture after operation and the function of hip joint by Harris score of 1, 3,6 months were compared. Result: 57 patients were followed up for 6 to 16 months, an average of 12.8 months. There were not statistical significant difference in blood loss, the total length of incision and Harris hip score system of two groups (P>0.05). There were statistical significant differences of operative time, position time and the reduction degree (P<0.05). Conclusion: The two kinds of postures are both effective treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. And the lateral position is more suitable for fat, lower limb shortening patients.
【Key words】 Position selection; Femoral intertrochanteric fracture; PFNA
First-author’s address:The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Liuan City,Liuan 237000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.12.047
股骨转子间骨折是最常见的老年髋部骨折,手术治疗较保守治疗可减少并发症、降低死亡率已成为临床工作者的共识。其中PFNA内固定因具有创伤小、手术操作简单、固定可靠等特点治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效也毋庸置疑,但究其选用何种体位却鲜有文献报道。因此本文拟通过回顾性分析本院2009年9月-2013年4月选用PFNA内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的患者57例,探讨不同体位下手术的临床疗效与安全性。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 收集2009年9月-2013年4月采用PFNA内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的患者57例,男21例,女36例;年龄66~89岁,平均75.6岁;其中行走滑倒跌伤30例,交通损伤27例;骨折类型按照Evans-Jensen分型[1];部分患者合并有心血管、内分泌系统疾病,经相应治疗后无手术禁忌证,所有手术均由同一组医师独立操作完成。将患者按随机数字表法分为平卧位组(n=35)与侧卧位组(n=22),两组患者的一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性,见表1。 此外股骨转子间骨折多为老年人,患者往往并发各种其他疾病,机体免疫力降低,需要麻醉医师及手术医师的紧密配合。手术操作时,平卧位的骨折复位优势是明显的,但侧卧位无需加装牵引床,体位摆放简单、导钉定位及置钉更方便。本研究结果提示两组患者显性失血量无明显差异,这与既往研究结果不相一致,考虑与术者操作习惯的不同有关[9-12]。对于改良EvansⅠ型、Ⅱ型股骨转子间骨折移位较少或术前牵引后容易复位以及肥胖、下肢较短、估计平卧位手术难以置钉的患者,侧卧位手术无疑是最佳的选择。
参考文献
[1] Evans E M.Trochanteric fracture [J].J B ONE Joint Sureg (Br),1951,33(11):192.
[2] Harris W H.Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and ace tabular fractures: treatment by mold arthroplasty. An end-result study using a new method of result evaluation[J].Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American Volume),1969,51(4):737-755.
[3] Strauss E,Frank J,Lee J,et al.Helical blade versus sliding hip screw for treatment of unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures: a biomechanical evaluation[J].Injury,2006,37(10):984.
[4]唐佩福,姚琦.股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片治疗高龄骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折[J].中华创伤骨科杂志,2007,9(7):622-624.
[5]施保华,尹峰.股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折[J].临床骨科杂志,2013,16(3):338-339.
[6] Huang Y,Zhang C.A comparative biomechanical study of proximal femoral nail (Inter TAN) and proximal femoral nail antirotation for intertrochanteric fractures[J].Int Orthop,2013,10(5):147-152.
[7]杨海林,张杰.DHS与PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效对比[J].中国骨与关节损伤杂志,2013,28(6):553-554.
[8]蒲道源,李建宏,秦华平,等.股骨转子间骨折PFNA内固定的体位选择初探[J].中国伤残医学,2012,20(12):7-9.
[9]傅玉萍,郭健凌,李霞,等.不同体位在老年股骨转子间骨折闭合复位PFNA内固定术中的应用[J].现代医药卫生,2013,28(1):63-64.
[10]任捷,尹昆.PFNA和Inter Tan方法治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效分析[J].中国医学创新,2013,23(10):6-7.
[11]刘巍,曹建明.侧卧体位下近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片治疗股骨转子间骨折32例疗效观察[J].蚌埠医学院学报,2012,37(9):1097-1098.
[12]邱志杰,杨惠林.PFNA治疗老龄不稳定股骨转子间骨折76例的临床疗效分析[J].重庆医学,2010,39(17):2270-2272.
(收稿日期:2014-02-07) (本文编辑:蔡元元)