一、历史性任务早在20世纪70年代后期,原苏联当局已经认识到利用新技术对于维持经济增长的重要意义,曾经一再作出决定,强调通过技术进步来加快经济发展。但是,新技术与组织间的紧张冲突”在西方国家通过制度的适应性调整得到“部分的解除”(诺斯,1992),[1]使以美国为代表的发达 I. Historic Tasks As early as the late 1970s, the former Soviet authorities had realized the importance of using new technologies for maintaining economic growth. They made repeated decisions and emphasized the acceleration of economic development through technological progress. However, the tension between new technologies and organizations has been “partially relieved” by the adaptation of the system in the West (North, 1992), [1] the developed United States