拍卖,作为一种商品交易方式,在中国还不广为人知。即使在经济特区,人们对这种交易方式也并不熟悉。拍卖是一种特殊的买卖方式。在这种方式的交易中,通过竞价,将商品出售给出价最高的买主。这种交易方式的特殊性在于:第一,参与拍卖的人不限于买卖双方,常常有第三方参与,这就是从事拍卖业务的拍卖机构,而且这个第三方介于买卖双方之间并在拍卖活动中起着主导作用。参与拍卖的买方必须是复数,是不特定的多数人。由于有多方面的参与者,使得拍卖关系较一般的买卖关系更为复杂。第二,拍卖的商品在品种、品质方面呈多样化,既可有生活资料,也可有生产资料;既有尚存部分使用价值的旧货,也有价值连城的艺术珍品;既 Auctions, as a commodity trading method, are not widely known in China. Even in special economic zones, people are not familiar with this type of transaction. Auctions are a special way of buying and selling. In this type of transaction, the commodity is sold to the buyer with the highest bid price through bidding. The particularity of this transaction approach is that: First, the people involved in the auction are not limited to buyers and sellers, and often third parties participate. This is the auction organization engaged in the auction business, and this third party is between buyers and sellers and in auction activities. It plays a leading role. The buyer participating in the auction must be a plural number, which is an unspecified majority. Because of the many participants, the auction relationship is more complicated than the ordinary trading relationship. Secondly, the auctioned goods are diversified in terms of variety and quality, and they can have both living materials and production materials; there are both old-used valuables and valuable art treasures;