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目的掌握2008—2016年长春市艾滋病病毒感染者(HIV)/艾滋病患者(AIDS)流行特征,为艾滋病防治提供依据,提高防治成效。方法使用SPSS 19.0软件对2008—2016年长春市HIV/AIDS流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果 2008—2016年共报告3 232例HIV/AIDS,男女性别比为13.89:1,各年间性别构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.12,P=0.003);经性接触传播为主要传播途径(98.51%),近几年同性传播构成比明显上升;年龄以20~49岁为主(78.03%),历年均有一定比例的50岁以上中老年病例报告,不同年份之间年龄构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=265.566,P<0.001);职业分布以家政、家务及待业最多,占总人数的37.28%,其次分别为农民、商业服务和工人,学生人群所占的比例近3年均>8.00%。结论长春市艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势,性接触传播已成为主要途径,男男性行为者感染率快速上升,中老年人、青年学生已成为需要特别关注的人群,艾滋病防控工作需加强艾滋病宣传教育和艾滋病检测力度,提高预防和治疗服务的可及性,扩大HIV/AIDS密切接触者的告知范围,以控制疫情的进一步上升。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of HIV / AIDS patients in Changchun from 2008 to 2016, to provide basis for prevention and treatment of AIDS and to improve the control efficacy. Methods SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the epidemiological data of HIV / AIDS in Changchun from 2008 to 2016. Results A total of 3 232 HIV / AIDS cases were reported between 2008 and 2016, with a sex ratio of 13.89: 1. There was significant difference in gender composition between years (χ ~ 2 = 23.12, P = 0.003) (98.51%) in recent years, the proportion of same-sex transmission increased significantly in recent years; the age of 20 to 49 years old (78.03%), over the years have a certain proportion of older people over the age of 50 cases reported, age composition between years The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 265.566, P <0.001). The occupations, housework and unemployed occupations were the most among the occupations, accounting for 37.28% of the total, followed by peasants, commercial services and workers, respectively Nearly 3 years are> 8.00%. Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS in Changchun is on the rise. The transmission of sexual contact has become the main way. The prevalence of MSM is rapidly rising. Middle-aged and young people and young students have become the people who need special attention. HIV / AIDS prevention and control work needs to be strengthened. AIDS testing to increase the accessibility of preventive and curative services and increase the coverage of close contacts of HIV / AIDS so as to control the further escalation of the outbreak.