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氧化还原反应是贯穿整个初中乃至高中化学的一个非常重要的内容。氧化还原反应是在反应前后,某种元素的化合价有变化的化学反应。这种反应可以理解成由两个半反应构成,即氧化反应和还原反应。反应的本质是化合价有变化,即电子有转移和偏移。化合价升高,即失电子的半反应是氧化反应;化合价降低,得电子的反应是还原反应。化合价升高的物质还原对方,自身被氧化,因此叫还原剂,其产物叫氧化产物;化合价降低的物质氧化对方,自身被还原,因此叫氧化剂,其产物叫还原产物。氧化还原反应是既统一又对立的理论。氧化还原反应是中学化学教学的重点和难点,本文从氧化还原概念的提出、氧化还原反应与非氧化还原反应的内在联系、氧化与还原的辩证关系三个方面说明,在氧化还原反应教学中应正确理解教材,把握教材尺度,提高教学质量。
Redox reactions are a very important part of chemistry throughout the entire middle and upper middle school. Redox reaction is before and after the reaction, the valence of a certain element has a chemical reaction. This reaction can be understood as consisting of two half-reactions, ie, oxidation and reduction. The nature of the reaction is a change in valence, that is, electron transfer and offset. The valence is increased, that is, the half-reaction of losing electrons is the oxidation reaction; the valence is reduced and the electron reaction is the reduction reaction. Reduction of the valence of the material to restore the other party, itself is oxidized, so called reductant, the product is called the oxidation product; valence reduction of the material to oxidize each other, itself is reduced, so called oxidant, the product is called the reduction product. Redox reactions are both unified and antithetical. Redox reaction is the emphasis and difficulty of high school chemistry teaching. This paper illustrates that the concept of redox, the intrinsic relationship between redox and non-redox reactions, and the dialectical relationship between oxidation and reduction should be explained in the redox reaction teaching Correct understanding of teaching materials, grasp the scale of teaching materials, improve teaching quality.