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目的:探究天麻乙醇提物(ethanolic extracts of Gastrodia elata,EEGE)对慢性应激抑郁模型小鼠行为、海马神经元损伤及海马突触体内游离Ca~(2+)浓度的影响。方法:采用长期不可预见性中等强度应激造成小鼠抑郁模型。测定各组小鼠体重变化,Open-field法和糖水消耗实验测定各组小鼠的行为变化;Nissl染色法观察海马CA1,CA3区神经元形态及锥体细胞数目;以Fura-2负载及荧光分光光度计检测海马突触体内游离Ca~(2+)浓度。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠模型组小鼠体呈现明显的抑郁样症状。EEGE低、高剂量组小鼠在第21天体重显著增加(P<0.001),其高剂量增加抑郁小鼠的爬格数(P<0.05);低、高剂量能明显增加抑郁小鼠的糖水消耗量(P<0.001),但无量效关系;低剂量组CA3区锥体细胞数目显著增多(P<0.001),且排列整齐、密集;高剂量组CA3区锥体细胞数目显著增多(P<0.05);低、高剂量能明显降低抑郁小鼠海马突触体内游离Ca~(2+)浓度(P<0.001)。结论:EEGE能改善小鼠的抑郁样行为;保护抑郁模型小鼠海马神经元损伤,可能与EEGE抑制海马神经细胞外Ca~(2+)内流,阻止Ca~(2+)超载相关。
Objective: To investigate the effects of ethanolic extracts of Gastrodia elata (EEGE) on behavior, hippocampal neuronal injury and free Ca 2+ concentration in hippocampal synapses of chronic stress depression model mice. METHODS: Mice with depression models were induced by long-term, unpredictable moderate-intensity stress. Changes in body weight were measured in each group, Open-field method and sugar consumption test were used to determine the behavioral changes in each group of mice; Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology of neurons and the number of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions; Fura-2 loading and fluorescence were measured. The concentration of free Ca~(2+) in hippocampal synaptosomes was measured by spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the mice in the model group had obvious depression-like symptoms. The mice in the low and high dose groups of EEGE had a significant increase in body weight on the 21st day (P<0.001). The high doses increased the number of crawls in depressed mice (P<0.05); low and high doses significantly increased the sugar water in depressed mice. Consumption (P<0.001), but no dose-effect relationship; the number of pyramidal cells in the CA3 region of the low-dose group increased significantly (P<0.001), and the number of pyramidal cells in the CA3 region of the high-dose group increased significantly (P<0.001). 0.05); low and high doses can significantly reduce the concentration of free Ca~(2+) in hippocampal synapses of depressed mice (P < 0.001). Conclusion: EEGE can improve the depression-like behavior of mice; protecting hippocampal neurons from depression model mice may be related to EEGE inhibiting the extracellular Ca 2+ influx of hippocampal neurons and preventing Ca 2+ overload.