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介绍了立式扩孔机的工作过程，分析了影响锻件必然误差和随机误差的因素，建立了锻件重量、高度与外径尺寸关系的数学模型，从而解决了必然误差的计算问题。指出了减少必然误差的有效办法。
The working process of the vertical reaming machine is introduced. The factors which affect the necessary and random errors of the forging are analyzed. The mathematical model of the relationship between the weight and the height and the diameter of the forging is established, which solves the calculation of the inevitable error. Pointed out the effective way to reduce the inevitable error.