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云和气溶胶偏振激光雷达(CALIPSO)卫星数据是探测大气气溶胶特征的有效工具。采用CALIPSO数据对37.1°N,113.3°E~38.6°N,117°E之间地理区域的强霾天气、沙尘天气、生物质燃烧污染天气和清洁天气的气溶胶消光系数、退偏比、色比以及温度廓线进行对比分析,结果表明:1)强霾天气主要是球形度较高的水溶性细粒子污染,集中在地表1 km以内,常伴有逆温无风或弱风现象出现;2)沙尘天气垂直分布广,可存留在高空,非球形度高,粒子尺度不均匀,风速偏大;3)生物质燃烧污染天气主要是集中在中低空的细粒子污染,黑碳成分高,消光系数大,常伴有污染性沙尘共同存在。三种污染天气廓线有很大不同,说明不同污染天气的气溶胶垂直分布的差异很大。
Cloud and Aerosol Polarized Laser Radar (CALIPSO) satellite data are powerful tools for detecting atmospheric aerosol characteristics. The CALIPSO data were used to calculate the aerosol extinction ratio, depolarization ratio, aerosol extinction coefficient and so on of heavy haze weather, dust weather, biomass combustion pollution weather and clean weather in the geographical area between 37.1 ° N, 113.3 ° E ~ 38.6 ° N and 117 ° E, Color ratio and temperature profile. The results show that: 1) The severe haze weather is mainly water-soluble fine particles with high sphericity, which is concentrated within 1 km above the earth’s surface. ; 2) sand and dust weather is widely distributed vertically and can stay at high altitude, with high non-spherical shape, uneven particle size and large wind speed; 3) biomass combustion pollution weather is mainly concentrated in the low-level fine particle pollution, High, extinction coefficient, often accompanied by polluting dust coexist. The profiles of the three polluted weather are very different, indicating that there is a great difference in the vertical distribution of aerosols in different polluted weather.