一、组织培养的发展花卉的组织培养,就是在无菌条件下分离花卉的一部分,接种到培养基上,在人工控制营养、激素、温度、光照、湿度等条件下进行培养,而使之形成完整植株的过程。早在1902年,德国的植物生理学家哈贝兰德就提出了高等植物的器官和组织可以不断分割,直至单个细胞,而每个细胞都具有不断分裂发展成完整植株能力的细胞全能性理论。但限于当时的技术水平,培养并没成功。此后的几十年中,科学家们作了大量工作。1943年,美国的怀特明确提出了“植物细胞全能性”学说。五六十年代,由于组培技术的提高、生长调节剂的发现和作用机制的研究,使组织 First, the tissue culture of the development of tissue culture, is to isolate a part of the flowers under sterile conditions, inoculated into the medium, in the artificial control of nutrition, hormones, temperature, light, humidity and other conditions of culture, which make it Complete plant process. As early as 1902, Habeland, a German plant physiologist, proposed that the organs and tissues of higher plants should divide continuously up to a single cell, and each cell has the theory of cell totality that continuously divides and develops into an intact plant. But limited to the technical level at that time, training did not succeed. In the decades that followed, scientists did a great deal of work. In 1943, White in the United States put forward the doctrine of “Plant Cell Almighty.” In the fifties and sixties, due to the improvement of tissue culture techniques, the discovery of growth regulators and the mechanism of action, the organization