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目的:通过对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇与正常孕妇膳食对照研究,了解妊娠期糖尿病孕妇孕中期的营养状况。方法:随机选择确诊GDM孕妇50例,同期健康孕妇150例为对照组,采用记录饮食日记的方法进行膳食调查。结果:①GDM组孕妇的年龄、孕前体重、体重指数(BMI)及一级亲属糖尿病家族史比例均高于对照组(P<0.05);②两组孕妇每日总热卡、碳水化合物、脂肪摄入量比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组孕妇蛋白质摄入量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③GDM组维生素C及维生素E摄入量低于对照组(P<0.05);④GDM组磷、镁、锌、硒元素的摄入量低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:应加强妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的健康教育,改变不合理的饮食行为。
Objective: To understand the nutritional status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus in the second trimester by dietary control study of gestational diabetes mellitus and normal pregnant women. Methods: 50 randomly selected pregnant women with GDM and 150 healthy pregnant women as control group were enrolled in this study. Dietary diary was recorded by diet diary. Results: ①The gestational age, pre-pregnancy weight, body mass index (BMI) and family history of first-degree relatives in GDM group were higher than those in control group (P <0.05) .②The total daily calorie, carbohydrate and fat intake (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in protein intake between the two groups (P> 0.05). ③ The intake of vitamin C and vitamin E in GDM group was lower than that in control group (P < 0.05) .④The intakes of phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and selenium in GDM group were lower than those in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The health education of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should be strengthened to change unreasonable dietary behaviors.