引言近年来美国油用向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)的面积已有所增加。1975年仅221,655公顷的油用向日葵获得了好收成。1980年增加到1,409,145公顷。从历史上看,向日葵生产的限制因素是可自交的商品品种授粉不良。无数证据表明,昆虫特别是蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)授粉对向日葵种子的增产非常重要。几乎还没有人研究出昆虫授粉对种子含 INTRODUCTION The area of ​​the United States oil sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has increased in recent years. In 1975 only 221,655 hectares of oil received good yields from sunflowers. In 1980, it increased to 1,409,145 hectares. Historically, the limiting factor in the production of sunflowers is the poor pollination of self-harvested varieties. Numerous evidences show that pollination of insects, especially bees (Apis mellifera L.), is important for the increase of sunflower seeds. Almost no one has ever studied insect pollination on seeds