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现有的阵列校正方法几乎都基于方位无关的阵列误差模型, 方位依赖的阵列误差校正一直以来都是阵列校正技术中的难题, 相关的研究成果报道得很少. 提出一种利用辅助阵元对方位依赖的阵元幅相误差进行自校正的新方法—ISM(Instrumental Sensors Method). 通过引入少量精确校正的辅助阵元, 该方法可以在多源情况下对信源方位和其对应的阵元幅相误差进行无模糊联合估计. 由于互耦和阵元位置误差均可以等效为方位依赖的阵元幅相误差, 所以该方法可以对多种阵列误差同时进行校正. 该方法适用于任意的阵列几何结构(包括均匀线阵); 而且其运算量小, 只需要参数的一维搜索, 不存在通常参数联合优化估计时的局部收敛问题. 此外, 该方法无需现有阵列校正算法中经常使用的阵列误差的微扰动假设, 更加符合实际的误差模型. 文中对新方法的估计性能进行了理论分析, 并用Monte Carlo计算机仿真实验验证了新方法的有效性.
Almost all existing array calibration methods are based on the azimuth independent array error model, and the azimuth dependent array error correction has always been a problem in array calibration technology, and the related research results are rarely reported. A new method of self-correcting bits-by-bit amplitude and phase errors is proposed by the Instrumental Sensors Method (ISM). By introducing a small amount of precisely calibrated auxiliary elements, the proposed method can be applied to source orientations and their corresponding elements This method can correct many kinds of array errors at the same time.It is suitable for any arbitrary Array geometry (including a uniform linear array), and its computational complexity is small, only one-dimensional search of parameters is required, and there is no local convergence problem under common parameter joint optimization estimation. In addition, this method does not need to be frequently used in existing array calibration algorithms Of the array error of the perturbation hypothesis, more in line with the actual error model.In this paper, the performance of the new method of estimation theory Analysis and Monte Carlo computer simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the new method.