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目的：测定癌性和结核性胸液患者红细胞C3b受体活性和血清、胸液中红细胞免疫粘附调节因子活性，了解其对恶性胸液鉴别诊断价值。方法：采用C3b致敏酵母花环试验。结果：结核性胸液患者C3b受体活性明显高于正常人，而癌性胸液则低于结核性胸液和正常人；癌性胸液血清、胸液红细胞免疫粘附促进因子（RFER）降低，而抑制因子（RFIR）升高，与正常人和结核性胸水相比均有显著性差异。结论：癌性胸液红细胞C3b受体活性继发性低下，红细胞免疫粘附调节系统失调，血清、胸液RFER降低、RFIR升高。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the activity of erythrocyte C3b receptor in patients with cancerous and tuberculous pleural effusions and the activity of red blood cell immune adherence regulators in serum and pleural fluid, and to understand its value in the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural fluid. Methods: C3b-sensitized yeast garland test was used. RESULTS: The activity of C3b receptor in tuberculous pleural fluid was significantly higher than that in normal subjects, while that in cancerous pleural fluid was lower than that in tuberculous pleural effusion and normal persons; cancerous pleural fluid serum and pleural fluid red blood cell immune adhesion promoting factor (RFER) Decreased, but the inhibitory factor (RFIR) increased, compared with normal and tuberculous pleural fluid were significantly different. Conclusion: The activity of C3b receptor in erythrocyte of malignant pleural effusion is lower, and the regulation of red blood cell immune adhesion is disordered. The RFER of serum and pleural fluid is decreased and RFIR is increased.