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从伦理的角度看,当代中国方兴未艾的城市化的意义不在于乡下人进城变成城里人,而在于城里人与乡下人一起变成现代市民。乡下人与城里人之间的差别,属于同一社会性质、同一传统伦理之中不同身份之间的差别;而乡下人及城里人与现代市民之间的差别,则涉及两种性质的社会及其伦理之间的差别。从传统的差序格局社会及其特殊伦理到现代的市民社会及其普遍伦理,是一种脱胎换骨的转变;这一转变的实现,既有赖于自上而下的制度调整,也有赖于自下而上每个市民的伦理自觉。
From an ethical point of view, the significance of urbanization in the ascendant China is not that the countrymen turn into cities, but that the urban people and the rural people become modern citizens together. The differences between the villagers and the city people belong to the same social nature, the same traditional ethics among the different identities; and the difference between the villagers and the city people and the modern citizens involves two kinds of social And the difference between their ethics. From a traditional society of differential pattern and its special ethics to modern civil society and its universal ethics, it is a kind of transformation that is completely changed. The realization of this transformation relies on both the top-down institutional adjustment and the under-the-counter And every citizen’s ethics consciously.