0引言早在1855年,Rudolph Virchow就已经注意到肿瘤形成和组织发育之间的关联性,并根据发育中的胚胎和畸胎瘤形态学上的相似性提出了肿瘤发生的“残留胚胎组织”学说[1]———认为肿瘤来源于成体组织中残留的休眠胚胎组织的激活。随着研究的深入,人们发现干细胞和肿瘤细胞之间 0 Introduction As early as 1855, Rudolph Virchow had already noticed the correlation between tumor formation and tissue development, and proposed a “residual embryonic tissue” for tumorigenesis based on the similarity in the morphology of developing embryos and teratomas. Doctrine [1] —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— As the study progressed, people discovered that between stem cells and tumor cells