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目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和K-ras基因突变及其相关病理特征关系。方法收集了黑龙江地区154例非小细胞肺癌标本,利用Real-time PCR技术检测EGFR基因18、19、20、21和K-ras基因2号外显子的突变情况。结果非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因的突变率为33.8%(52/154),K-ras基因2号外显子的突变率为13.0%(2 0/1 5 4)。E G F R基因在1 8、1 9、20、21号外显子的突变率分别为4.5%(7/154)、9.8%(15/154)、1.9%(3/154)、13.7%(21/154)、19和21外显子共同发生突变为3.9%(6/154)。EGFR基因的突变主要发生在女性、腺癌和不吸烟的患者中。结论非小细胞肺癌患者靶向治疗之前,进行EGFR、K-ras基因的突变情况检测,对临床的指导用药具有重要的意义。
Objective To investigate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and K-ras gene mutations and their related pathological features in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 154 non-small cell lung cancer samples from Heilongjiang region were collected. The mutations of exon 2 of EGFR gene 18,19,20,21 and K-ras gene were detected by Real-time PCR. Results The mutation rate of EGFR gene in non-small cell lung cancer was 33.8% (52/154). The mutation rate of exon 2 in K-ras gene was 13.0% (20/1 5 4). The mutation rates of EGFR gene in exons 18,1 9,20 and 21 were 4.5% (7/154), 9.8% (15/154), 1.9% (3/154), 13.7% (21/154 ), 19 and 21 exons co-occurrence mutation was 3.9% (6/154). Mutations in the EGFR gene occur mainly in women, adenocarcinomas and non-smokers. Conclusion Before the targeted therapy of patients with NSCLC, the detection of mutations in EGFR and K-ras gene is of great significance for clinical guidance.