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目的了解合肥市学校免疫规划针对传染病暴发疫情(以下简称暴发疫情)的流行病学特征,为学校预防和控制传染病提供科学依据。方法收集合肥市2008年市本级和各县(区)疾病预防控制机构对学校暴发疫情的调查处理报告等资料进行流行病学分析。结果合肥市2008年发生在学校的暴发疫情91起,发病954例,无死亡病例。学校暴发疫情均为呼吸道传染病。4~5月和10月为高发月份,共发生了40起,占全年的43.9%。结论免疫规划相关传染病防治是当前学校卫生工作的重要问题;疫情报告是否及时、病例隔离措施是否落实及强化免疫措施的采取是影响疫情处理效果的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of school immunization programs in Hefei for the outbreak of infectious diseases (hereinafter referred to as outbreak), and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on the investigation reports and other data of municipal outbreaks in municipal-level and county (district) disease prevention and control institutions in Hefei in 2008. Results Hefei epidemic outbreak in schools in 2008 occurred in 91 cases, 954 cases, no deaths. School outbreaks are respiratory diseases. April to May and October were the high-incidence months, a total of 40 occurred, accounting for 43.9% of the year. Conclusions The prevention and control of infectious diseases associated with immunization programs is an important issue in current school health work. Whether the epidemic reports are timely, whether case isolation measures are implemented, and the adoption of intensive immunization measures are the key factors that affect the effectiveness of epidemic treatment.