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目的评价佛山市2009年麻疹疫苗(MV)初始强化免疫和2010年后续强化免疫活动实施效果,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法通过收集整理2009年4月对全市8月龄至14岁所有儿童MV初始强化免疫和2010年9月对4岁以下所有儿童MV后续强化免疫活动的报表数据和2006—2010年麻疹疫情数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2009年麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫8月龄至14岁目标儿童报告接种率为98.69%(1 095 647/1 110 140),其中本地儿童报告接种率为98.60%(558 469/566 395),流动儿童报告接种率为98.79%(537 178/543 745);调查评估472名适龄儿童,调查接种率为99.36%(469/472),其中0、1、2剂次及以上、免疫史不详的分别占4.45%(21/472)、20.76%(98/472)、39.19%(185/472)、35.59%(168/472)。2010年后续强化免疫共接种4岁以下目标儿童394 063人,报告接种率为98.30%(394 063/400 882),其中本地儿童报告接种率为98.32%(126 775/128 944),流动儿童报告接种率为98.29%(267 288/271 938)。调查评估880名适龄儿童,调查接种率为98.64%(868/880),其中0、1、2剂次及以上、免疫史不详的分别占4.43%(39/880)、16.14%(142/880)、64.55%(568/880)、14.89%(131/880)。2009年初始强化免疫后1年麻疹发病率为0.79/10万,较强化前2006—2008年的年平均发病率(17.35/10万)下降95.45%,2010年后续强化免疫后半年麻疹发病率为0.23/10万,较2009年同期下降65.30%。结论佛山市2009年和2010年麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果显著。为保持强化免疫取得的成果,应继续保持高水平常规免疫接种率,提高含麻疹成分疫苗首针接种及时率,同时做好疑似麻疹病例监测工作。
Objective To evaluate the effect of 2009 initial measles vaccine (MV) initial immunization and 2010 follow-up immunization campaign in Foshan City, so as to provide a basis for formulating measles elimination strategy. Methods By collecting and sorting out the data of 2009 initial report on the initial immunization of all children aged 8 months to 14 years in Chongqing and the follow-up boost immunization of all children under 4 years old in September 2010 and the measles epidemic situation of 2006-2010, Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis. Results The initial immunization coverage of measles vaccine in 2009 was 98.69% (1 095 647/1 110 140) among the target children aged from 8 months to 14 years. The coverage rate of local children was 98.60% (558 469/566 395) The coverage rate of children reported was 98.79% (537 178/543 745). Investigation and assessment of 472 school-age children were investigated. The investigation coverage rate was 99.36% (469/472). Among them, 0,1,2 and above, Accounting for 4.45% (21/472), 20.76% (98/472), 39.19% (185/472), 35.59% (168/472). In 2010, follow-up immunization was carried out with a total of 394,063 children under the age of 4 who were vaccinated. The reported vaccination rate was 98.30% (394,063/400,882), of which 98.32% (126,775/128,944) were reported for local children. The report of migrant children The vaccination rate was 98.29% (267 288/271 938). Investigation and evaluation of 880 school-age children, the investigation vaccination rate was 98.64% (868/880), of which 0,1,2 doses and above, unknown history of immunization accounted for 4.43% (39/880), 16.14% (142/880 ), 64.55% (568/880), 14.89% (131/880). The incidence of measles at 1 year after initial immunization in 2009 was 0.79 / 100 000, which decreased by 95.45% from 2006 to 2008 before the intensification (17.35 / 100000). The incidence of measles in the first six months after 2010 was 0.23 / 100,000, down 65.30% over the same period of 2009. Conclusion The effect of measles vaccine in 2009 and 2010 in Foshan City was significantly enhanced. In order to maintain the results achieved by intensive immunization, we should continue to maintain a high standard of routine immunization rate and improve the timeliness rate of the first needle inoculation of measles-containing vaccines and monitor the surveillance of suspected measles cases.