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通常采用的润滑方式是用油或润滑脂,这些材料在长时间运行后,会发生干枯、变质、老化、流失、挥发、爬漏、污染、粘度和摩擦系数变化等问题。特别是在高温、低温、高真空环境下,油和脂都明显地不适用,在清洁度要求很高的场合下,也不能使用油和脂。这些新的课题导致人们对固体润滑剂和不加油轴承的研究,目前这一研究在欧美、日本等工业国家已广泛渗入到各个领域。由于固体润滑剂的采用,增加了开发新产品的可能性。本文就目前已被使用的固体润滑剂种类、应用和不加油轴承的材料、特性等方面作一简要介绍。
Lubricating methods commonly used are oils or greases. These materials experience problems of drying, deterioration, aging, loss, volatilization, creeping, contamination, viscosity and coefficient of friction after a long period of operation. Especially in the high temperature, low temperature, high vacuum environment, oil and fat are clearly not applicable, in the case of demanding cleanliness, can not use oil and fat. These new topics have led to the study of solid lubricants and non-lubricated bearings. At present, this research has been widely permeated into various fields in industrial countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan. Due to the use of solid lubricants, increasing the possibility of developing new products. In this paper, we have made a brief introduction on the types of solid lubricants that have been used so far, the applications and the materials and characteristics of non-lubricated bearings.