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高校转型是我国全面深化教育领域改革的战略切入点,对调整高等教育结构、培养应用型人才、服务地方或行业发展有着重要意义。高校转型问题涉及普通高等教育和职业教育双重语境、发展应用型教育和举办本科职业教育双重任务,本来是一个全局性问题,但在实践中常处于两种语境割裂之下,需要统整不同认识、协调行动目标。本文在分析高校转型的语境冲突和实践问题基础上,研究了应用型教育与普通教育、职业教育的关系,论证了应用型教育与职业教育相互接续、转化的可能性。从大力发展应用型教育、建立应用型高校类型、应用型高校举办本科职业教育、高等职业院校举办本科应用型教育、实行高校分类管理以及进一步下放办学自主权等六个方面为推动高校转型提出了路径建议。
The transformation of colleges and universities is a strategic entry point for our country to deepen the reform in the field of education in an all-round way. It is of great significance to adjust the structure of higher education, train applied talents, serve local or industrial development. The transformation of colleges and universities involves the dual context of general higher education and vocational education, the development of applied education and the dual task of conducting vocational education in undergraduate education. This problem was originally a global issue, but in practice it often falls under two different contexts and needs to be adjusted differently Understand, coordinate action goals. Based on the analysis of the contextual conflicts and practical problems in the transformation of higher education, this paper studies the relationship between applied education and general education and vocational education, and demonstrates the possibility of connecting and transforming applied education and vocational education. From the aspects of vigorously developing applied education, setting up application-oriented colleges and universities, setting up undergraduate vocational education in applied colleges and universities, applying applied education in higher vocational colleges, carrying out classification management in higher education institutions and further decentralization of running schools, The path suggested.