论文部分内容阅读
在纯橡胶林、胶-竹复合林、沟谷季节雨林、次生林及毗邻次生林的橡胶林共5种不同生境中释放标记的橡胶树种子,观测种子捕食者以及种子被捕食、埋藏和扩散情况。结果表明:纯橡胶林和沟谷季节雨林内的橡胶树种子大多数都原地存留(>80%和>98%),而胶-竹复合林内几乎100%的种子均被捕食;次生林内释放的橡胶树种子捕食率也几为100%,而毗邻次生林的橡胶林种子捕食率约50%;卡方检验表明,胶-竹复合林的种子捕食率显著高于沟谷季节雨林和纯橡胶林,次生林内显著高于毗邻的橡胶林(P<0.001)。绝大多数橡胶树种子被捕食者原地或搬运后取食,仅有少量种子被埋藏。大多数种子(>80%)被搬运距离在10 m以内。红外感应相机拍摄和饲喂实验发现,黄胸鼠(Rattus tanezumi)和红刺鼠(Rattus surifer)为主要的种子捕食者。可见,在西双版纳引种区橡胶树种子主要是被小型鼠类取食,但捕食强度较大,而被埋藏种子比例很低,散布距离较短(<10 m)。
Rubber tree seeds were released from five different habitats of pure rubber plantation, plastic-bamboo compound plantation, seasonal rainforest of secondary valley, secondary forest and secondary rubber plantation, and the seed predators and seeds were preyed, buried and dispersed. The results showed that most of the rubber tree seeds in pure rubber grove and valley seasonal rainforest remained in place (> 80% and> 98%), while almost 100% of the seeds in the rubber-bamboo mixed forest were preyed; the rubber tree The seed predation rate was also 100%, while that of the rubber forest adjacent to the secondary forest was about 50%. The chi-square test showed that the seed predation rate of the rubber-bamboo composite forest was significantly higher than that of the seasonal rain forest and pure rubber forest in the gully. Higher than the adjacent rubber plantation (P <0.001). The vast majority of rubber tree seeds are predators or moved to eat, only a small amount of seeds are buried. Most seeds (> 80%) are transported within 10 m. Infrared sensor camera shooting and feeding experiments found that Rattus tanezumi and red rat (Rattus surifer) as the main seed predator. It can be seen that rubber tree seeds introduced from Xishuangbanna are mainly fed on small mice, but their predation intensity is relatively high, while the proportion of buried seeds is very low and their distribution distance is shorter (<10 m).