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文章运用罗尔斯的正义论,以社会基本权利义务分配为切入点,认为当前我国农民工的经济、政治、文化、社会等权益维护缺乏正义。农民工权益维护缺乏正义的根源在于城乡二元经济、政治、文化、社会等体制安排阻碍了公民权利平等地分配给农民工,违背了分配正义的基本思想和价值追求。维护农民工权益的基本思路在于通过深化以城乡二元户籍制度为核心的城乡二元体制改革,加快建立城乡一体化劳动力市场、将农民工纳入城市社区管理范围、提高农民工文化技能水平、实现城乡社会一体化发展,构建具有内在公正性的合理社会制度,使农民工与城镇居民平等地分配社会基本权利和义务,在制度性合作的基础上促进分配正义的有效实现。
By using Rawls’ theory of justice and taking the distribution of the basic rights and obligations as the starting point, the article believes that the current lack of justice in safeguarding the economic, political, cultural and social rights and interests of migrant workers in our country. The root cause of the lack of justice in protecting the rights and interests of migrant workers lies in the fact that the institutional arrangements such as dual economic, political, cultural and social barriers between urban and rural areas have hindered the equal distribution of civil rights to migrant workers and violated the basic idea of distribution justice and the pursuit of value. The basic idea of safeguarding the rights and interests of peasant workers lies in deepening the reform of urban and rural dual system with dual household registration system as the core of urban and rural areas, speeding up the establishment of an integrated urban and rural labor market, incorporating peasant workers into urban community management and raising the level of peasant workers’ cultural skills, The integration of urban and rural social development, building a reasonable social system with inherent fairness, migrant workers and urban residents equal distribution of basic social rights and obligations, based on institutional cooperation to promote the effective realization of distributive justice.