论文部分内容阅读
兴建大型跨流域调水工程影响深远,其效益绝不只限于当前采用的“经济计算期”。随着国民经济的发展,我国兴建了江苏自江都引水的江水北调,广东东江向深圳、香港供水,引滦入津,引黄济青等跨流域调水工程。长江及黄河中下游平原地区向海河及淮河流域的年引水量已近200亿m~3。我国南方水多,北方水少,据多年研究,已形成了从长江上游引水到西北地区的西线;从长江中游引水到华北平原的中线,从长江下游向北引水的东线的规划格局。华北平原水资源不足而生产力增长快,跨流域引水补源更为紧迫。中线和东线共同向华北平原供水,二者各有供水范围,又有交叉互补作用,而实施难免有先后之分。实施顺序,应从社会和国民经济发展需要,国力条件综合分析,但无论先建那一条引水线,都能在很大程度上缓解华北地区的水资源危机,使工农业生产布局得到调整和发展,并改善生态环境。
The construction of large-scale inter-basin water transfer project has a far-reaching impact. Its benefits are by no means limited to the current “economic calculation period.” With the development of the national economy, China has built the northward diversion project of water from the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, the water supply to Shenzhen and Hong Kong by the Dongjiang River in Guangdong, water diversion from the Luanhe River to Tianjin and the Yellow River diversion basin. The Yangtze River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to the Haihe River and the Huaihe River basin annual water diversion nearly 200 million m ~ 3. According to years of research, the western route of water diversion from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to the northwest region has been formed. From the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to the midline of the North China Plain, the planning pattern of the east line of water diversion from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the north has been developed. Due to insufficient water resources and rapid productivity growth in the North China Plain, it is even more urgent to diversify water resources across the basin. The midline and the east line jointly supply water to the North China Plain. Both of them have their own water supply scope and cross-complementing effects. However, implementation is inevitable. The order of implementation should be based on a comprehensive analysis of the social and national economic development needs and the conditions of national strength. However, no matter whether the first water supply line is constructed, the water crisis in North China can be largely alleviated and the industrial and agricultural production layout adjusted and developed. And improve the ecological environment.