小学科学教学是提高小学生科学素养的主要途径。小学科学教学的优化开展要求教师提高教学质量和效率。有效进行有关劣构教学设计,全面掌握教材内容,提高小学科学课的有效性,从而促进学生的科学课程学习。劣构的教学设计能够改变传统科学教学方式固化的局面,使教学更具开放性,同时也使学生能够参与到科学教学的过程中,从而提高学生的学习效率和学习能力。因此,教师应重视劣构教学设计的作用,促进小学科学教学的优化开展。 Primary science teaching is the main way to improve the scientific accomplishment of primary school students. Optimization of primary science teaching requires teachers to improve teaching quality and efficiency. Effectively carry out the design of teaching on bad structure, fully grasp the content of teaching materials, and improve the effectiveness of primary science curriculum so as to promote students’ study of science curriculum. The bad teaching design can change the curing of the traditional science teaching mode, make teaching more open, and also enable students to participate in the process of science teaching, so as to improve students’ learning efficiency and learning ability. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the role of inferior teaching design and promote the optimization of primary science teaching.