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目的了解移民城市农民房居民区儿童麻疹疫苗(麻苗)漏种特征与发病的关系,为制定麻疹预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场抽样调查和对麻疹病例电话调查的方法,对深圳市19个社康中心辖区内的553名儿童的调查资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果553名儿童中麻苗漏种率高达22.78%。l针漏种率为20.61%,2针漏种率为2.17%。在深圳居住时间<3个月外来儿童的漏种率高达30.99%,而深圳户籍的常居儿童麻苗漏种率仅为6.67%,RR为4.65,P<0.01。全部漏种儿童中的无证率为19.84%。其中,在深圳居住<3个月儿童的无证率为50.00%。麻苗漏种率最高的大浪街道,其儿童麻疹发病率也显著地高于其他漏种率低的街道。<8月龄未到麻苗初种年龄儿童,麻疹发病数占全部儿童病例数的36.36%。结论移民城市农民房居民区外来儿童是麻苗漏种的高危险人群;其漏种原因与其移居深圳时间短,未能及时获得预防接种证有关。因此认为,提高农民房居民区儿童,尤其是提高来深圳居住时间<3个月外来儿童的预防接种证及时办证率和加大麻苗查漏补种的频率,同时对妊娠前妇女进行一针麻苗强化免疫是有效降低这一高危险人群麻疹发病率的关键措施。
Objective To understand the relationship between the characteristics of measles vaccine (measles) leakage and its incidence in the residential area of immigrant farmers in immigrant cities and provide a scientific basis for the development of measles prevention and control measures. Methods By means of on - the - spot sampling survey and telephone survey of measles cases, epidemiological analysis was conducted on the survey data of 553 children in 19 community health centers in Shenzhen. Results 553 children Miao Miao leakage rate as high as 22.78%. L needle penetration rate was 20.61%, 2 needle leakage rate was 2.17%. The live-in children in Shenzhen lived for less than 3 months and the leakage rate was as high as 30.99%. However, the rate of leakage of live-abused children in Shenzhen was only 6.67%. The RR was 4.65, P <0.01. The total number of missing children was 19.84%. Among them, the number of children who lived in Shenzhen <3 months was 50.00%. Marabou Murakami Murakami missed the highest rate of street, the incidence of measles children is also significantly higher than other low leakage rate of the street. <8 months of age did not reach the first age of children with measles, measles cases accounted for 36.36% of all cases of children. Conclusions Migrant children living in residential areas of migrant peasant houses are high-risk groups with spilled seedlings of malnutrition. The reasons for the missed seepage are related to their short migration time to Shenzhen and the failure to obtain timely vaccination certificates. Therefore, it is believed that raising children in residential areas of peasant houses, in particular, increasing the frequency of timely vaccination certificates for foreign children who live in Shenzhen for less than 3 months and increasing the frequency of checking and replanting of seedlings, Vaccination with seedlings is a key measure to effectively reduce the incidence of measles in this high-risk group.