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目的通过对广东省1起学校甲型H1N1流感聚集性疫情调查与控制,分析疫情特点及控制措施实施效果,为社区甲型H1N1流感疫情控制提供参考依据。方法采用主动搜索、问卷调查等方法对2009年6月26日广东省台山市报告的1起学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情进行调查,并用描述性流行病学方法进行分析;采集病例咽拭子标本用Real-time RT-PCR方法进行甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测。结果该疫情涉及台山市某小学10个班级中的9个;经病例搜索共报告流感样病例61例,全部为学生,罹患率为11.9%(61/514),临床症状主要以发热、咳嗽、咽痛和头痛为主;指示病例发病时间为6月19日,发病高峰为6月24日,末例病例发病时间为6月30日,疫情持续12 d。同期实行居家观察密切接触者314人,家庭内二代病例仅出现2例。对其中12例流感样病例采集咽拭子标本,经检测甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸均呈阳性。结论该起疫情为1起学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情,感染来源可能与海外返乡华侨中输入性甲型H1N1流感病例或隐性感染者引起社区甲型H1N1流感感染有关。
Objective To investigate and control the epidemic situation of Influenza A (H1N1) in a school in Guangdong Province and analyze the characteristics of epidemic situation and the effect of control measures, so as to provide a reference for controlling the epidemic of Influenza A (H1N1) in the community. Methods A total of 1 reported cases of H1N1 outbreak in schools in Taishan City, Guangdong Province on June 26, 2009 were investigated by means of active search and questionnaire survey, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Throat swab samples Real-time RT-PCR method for detection of influenza A (H1N1) virus nucleic acid. Results The epidemic involved 9 of 10 classes in a primary school in Taishan City. A total of 61 flu-like cases were reported by case-based search, all of them were students with an attack rate of 11.9% (61/514). Clinical symptoms mainly included fever, cough, Sore throat and headache; indicating the onset time was June 19, the peak incidence on June 24, the last case of onset time is June 30, the epidemic continued for 12 days. During the same period, 314 people were observed in close contact with their families, and only 2 cases appeared in the second generation of families. Throat swab specimens were collected from 12 cases of influenza-like cases and tested positive for the influenza A (H1N1) virus nucleic acid. Conclusions The outbreak is one school outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in school. The origin of the outbreak may be related to the influenza A (H1N1) infection in imported overseas Chinese.