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目的探讨13~22岁学生现在吸烟与家庭类型、母亲文化程度、父亲职业的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,选取辽宁省7个地级市的初中、高中、大学13~22岁学生25 220人为研究对象。采用北京儿童青少年卫生研究所设计的《中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》,调查现在吸烟率与家庭类型、母亲文化程度、父亲职业的关系。采用SPSS 11.5统计软件,率(相对数)的比较采用χ2检验。P≤0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 6类家庭间男性现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.368,P=0.010),其他家庭现在吸烟率最高;女性现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ2=62.726,P<0.01),其他、隔代、单亲、重组家庭现在吸烟率均较高。母亲文化程度5个水平间男生现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ2=233.724,P<0.01),女生也有统计学意义(χ2=10.179,P=0.038),均表现为母亲文化程度越高现在吸烟率越低。9类父亲职业间男生现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ2=60.561,P<0.01),父亲职业为个体工商户男性学生现在吸烟率最高,其次为城市务工的农民,商业/服务人员最低;女生差异无统计学意义(χ2=11.423,P=0.179)。结论家庭类型、母亲文化程度对13~22岁男、女生现在吸烟均有影响,父亲职业仅对男生有影响。
Objective To explore the relationship between smoking and family type, mother’s education and father’s occupation of 13 ~ 22-year-old students. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 25 220 middle school and high school students of 13 prefecture level to 22 middle school population in 7 prefecture-level cities of Liaoning Province as research objects. The “Questionnaire on Health-related Behavior of Adolescents in China” designed by Beijing Institute of Child and Adolescent Health was used to investigate the relationship between current smoking prevalence and family type, mother’s education and father’s occupation. Using SPSS 11.5 statistical software, rate (relative) comparison using χ2 test. P≤0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There were significant differences in the current smoking prevalence among 6 families (χ2 = 13.368, P = 0.010), and the highest rates of smoking among the other families. There was significant difference in smoking prevalence among women (χ2 = 62.726, P <0.01) Other, intergenerational, single parent and rehousing families now have higher rates of smoking. There was significant difference in smoking prevalence between males and females at 5 levels (χ2 = 233.724, P <0.01) and girls’ females (χ2 = 10.179, P = 0.038) The lower the smoking rate. There were significant differences in smoking prevalence among boys in 9 types of father occupations (χ2 = 60.561, P <0.01). Male students whose fathers were employed as self-employed businesses now had the highest rates of smoking, followed by urban migrant workers, with the lowest commercial / service personnel; There was no significant difference between girls (χ2 = 11.423, P = 0.179). Conclusion Family type and mother’s educational level have an impact on the current smoking of both men and women aged 13 to 22 years old, and their father’s occupation only affects boys.