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分别冶炼了3种不同铌含量的00Cr12Ni不锈钢,用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察了热轧退火态的显微组织,测量了试验钢的拉伸性能和不同温度的冲击功。试验结果表明:铌的添加显著抑制了退火时铁素体再结晶的发生。未添加稳定化元素铌的钢中析出相为Cr23C6,w(Nb)为0.28%的试验钢中析出相为Nb(C,N)和Fe3Nb3C,w(Nb)为0.49%的试验钢中析出相为Nb(C,N)和Fe2Nb,而且其析出相总体积分数明显高于其他2种试验钢。铌的添加提高了试验钢的强度,降低了试验钢的塑性和韧性,w(Nb)为0.49%的试验钢冲击功最低,但其韧脆转变温度也最低。
Three kinds of 00Cr12Ni stainless steel with different niobium contents were respectively smelted. The microstructure of hot rolled annealed state was observed by optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Tensile properties and impact energy of different temperature were measured. The experimental results show that the addition of niobium significantly inhibits the recrystallization of ferrite during annealing. In the test steel having no precipitated niobium stabilizing element and having a precipitated phase of Cr23C6 and 0.28% of w (Nb), precipitated phases were precipitated in the test steel having Nb (C, N) and Fe3Nb3C and 0.49% of w (Nb) Nb (C, N) and Fe2Nb, and the total volume fraction of precipitates was significantly higher than the other two kinds of test steel. The addition of niobium increases the strength of the test steel and reduces the plasticity and toughness of the test steel. The test steel with 0.49% w (Nb) has the lowest impact energy and the lowest ductile-brittle transition temperature.