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“次”除了顺序、次第、处所等义外,还有表时间或表动作进行体之义,这种用法常见于禅籍,后来消失了,许多词典都未收录此义项。文章从历时角度看“次”的发展,试图找出时间“次”的词性与来源。“次”的词性有两种可能,“VP之次”的“次”是时间名词,“VP次”的“次”是动态助词。“次”的来源、发展轨迹是从动词(驻扎),变成名词(停歇处),再变成时间名词,最后成为有时间意味的动态助词。空间“次”多用在“NP之次”或“VP之次”格式中,时间“次”则多用在“VP次”格式中。时间“次”没落的原因是其在语法功能、普及度、频率上均不如“时”广泛,故没有流传下来。
“Times ” In addition to the order, second place, premises and other meanings, there are table time or table movements body meaning, this usage is common in Zen, and later disappeared, many dictionaries do not include this meaning. From the diachronic perspective, the article tries to find out the part of speech of “time” and “second time”. There are two possibilities for part of speech in “” times, “times ” in VP “times ” is a time noun, “times ” in “VP times ” is a dynamic particle. “Times ” source, the development path from the verb (stationed), into nouns (rest stops), and then become a time noun, and finally become a time-meaning dynamic particle. Space “times ” is often used in “NP times ” or “VP times ” format, time “times ” is used in “VP times ” format. Time “times ” decline because of its grammatical function, popularity, frequency are not as “time ” wide, it is not handed down.