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目的总结青年期直肠癌的诊治特点。方法就目前国内、外对青年期直肠癌的研究进展的文献进行综述,并对青年期直肠癌患者及其他年龄段直肠癌患者的临床资料进行对比,总结青年期直肠癌的诊治特点。结果青年期直肠癌患者(≤40岁)的发病与饮食、生活习惯和遗传因素都有一定的关系;相对于中老年患者来讲其分期更晚,低分化比例较高,淋巴结转移较早;青年期直肠癌常易误诊,预后差,目前公认以手术治疗为佳,并辅以新辅助治疗。结论青年期直肠癌在流行病学、病理学、治疗、预后等方面有其特殊性,但其手术治疗方面还需要进一步进行研究。
Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent rectal cancer. Methods The current literature review on the research progress of colorectal cancer at home and abroad was reviewed. The clinical data of patients with rectal cancer in adolescent and other age groups were compared, and the diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer in adolescent were summarized. Results The incidence of adolescent rectal cancer patients (≤40 years old) was related to diet, lifestyle and genetic factors. Compared with middle-aged and elderly patients, their stage was later, the proportion of poorly differentiated cells was higher, lymph node metastasis was earlier, Often misdiagnosed as adolescent rectal cancer, the prognosis is poor, is currently recognized as the best surgical treatment, supplemented by neoadjuvant therapy. Conclusions Adolescent rectal cancer has its own particularities in the aspects of epidemiology, pathology, treatment and prognosis, but its operation needs further study.