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目的了解焦作市麻疹血清学检测情况,为诊断和控制麻疹提供可靠依据。方法采用ELISA法对焦作市2004—2008年麻疹疑似病例进行血清学检测,分析其流行特征及与标本采集时间的关系。结果实验室共检测合格血清标本553份,其中阳性259份,阳性率46.84%;病例主要发生在0~10岁,占发病总数的92.28%,<8月龄占8.25%,>15岁人群占12.54%;3~7月份为发病高峰,占82.18%;确诊病例中无免疫史和免疫史不详者占了65.83%;病例以武陟县、修武县、孟州市为多;共暴发局部小范围13起,暴发病例占了39.93%;血清标本检测3~28d采集麻疹IgM阳性检测率较3d内采集的高,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.21,P<0.05);标本中风疹IgM检出也占了一定比例(11.03%)。结论加强麻疹监测,做好麻疹疫苗的基础免疫和加强免疫,做好儿童入托、入学的麻疹疫苗查漏补种工作,控制麻疹暴发仍是我市今后预防控制麻疹的主要工作;进一步提高麻疹监测质量,加强实验室检测工作,做好麻疹与风疹的实验室鉴别工作。
Objective To understand the serological detection of measles in Jiaozuo and provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis and control of measles. Methods The serological test of suspected cases of measles in Jiaozuo City from 2004 to 2008 was conducted by ELISA. The prevalence of measles and the relationship between the prevalence and the time of specimen collection were analyzed. Results A total of 553 qualified serum samples were detected in the laboratory, of which 259 were positive, with a positive rate of 46.84%. The cases mainly occurred in 0 to 10 years old, accounting for 92.28% of the total cases, 8.25% 12.54%; 3 to July peak incidence, accounting for 82.18%; confirmed cases of no history of immunization and immune history unknown account for 65.83%; cases were Wuxian, Xiuwu County, Mengzhou City for more; a total of outbreaks Thirteen cases of outbreaks accounted for 39.93% of the outbreaks. The positive detection rate of measles IgM collected from 3 to 28 days of serum samples was higher than that within 3 days (χ2 = 5.21, P <0.05) Rubella IgM also accounted for a certain percentage (11.03%). Conclusion To strengthen the monitoring of measles, do the basic immunization and strengthen the immunization of measles vaccine, and do a good job of checking and replanting the measles vaccine for children entering the school and entering the school. Controlling the outbreak of measles is still the main work of our city to prevent and control measles in the future; to further improve the monitoring of measles Quality, strengthen laboratory testing, laboratory identification of measles and rubella.