论文部分内容阅读
地表通常由基岩的风化层或者未固结的沉积物组成。典型的情况下,表层的下界面有很高的泊松比和明显的波阻抗比,在坚硬的海底就是这样。在高分辨率地震勘探的偏移距范围内,这种表层可以看作是水平的,封闭在表层内的地震能量产生水平传播的导波系列。这种导波和瑞雷波一样都给高分辨率地震成像造成难题,所以把这两种波称为震源产生的噪音。在典型的地震炮集中,瑞雷波和导波在时间-偏移距剖面上表现为两个扫帚状波列,确定了两个锥形窗口,在这两个窗口又限定了能观察到初至反射的最佳窗口。
The earth’s surface usually consists of bedrock weathering or unconsolidated deposits. In the typical case, the lower interface of the surface has a high Poisson’s ratio and a significant wave impedance ratio, as is the case with a hard sea floor. Within the offset range of high-resolution seismic exploration, this surface layer can be viewed as a series of horizontal and horizontal seismic waves propagating within the surface layer. This guided wave, like Rayleigh waves, poses the problem of high-resolution seismic imaging, so these two waves are termed sources of noise. In a typical seismic gun set, the Rayleigh wave and the guided wave appear as two broom-like wave trains on a time-offset profile, defining two conical windows, which in turn define the first The best window to reflect.