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从两个已经鉴定的小麦叶锈小种和两个未经鉴定的培养物共4个培养物中,分别分离出25个单孢子堆进行繁殖和鉴定。结果表明,没有一个培养物的群体组成是同质的,都包括多种毒力不同的类型。在已被鉴定为小种叶3和洛10类型(80-7-58)的两个培养物的群体中,都包括有14种毒力不同的类型。有的培养物的群体组成比较简单,只包括3种不同的类型。在鉴定小种时,如果叶锈菌的群体包括几种毒力不同的类型,在鉴别寄主上由某致病类型产生的感染型侵染型,可以掩盖其它类型产生的抵抗型侵染型。通过单孢子堆后代的毒力分析,就可以使被掩盖了的致病类型表现出来。本研究从4个培养物分离的100个单孢子堆的后代经鉴定可以区分出24种毒力不同的类型,这说明小麦叶锈菌的毒力是很专化的,群体组成也是复杂的。如果用斯塔克曼建立的鉴定小种方法,仅作一次或简单地鉴定,将不能揭露出叶锈菌群体中包括的客观存在的组成。
Twenty-five single spore piles were isolated from four cultivars of two wheat leaf rust cultivars and two unidentified cultures, respectively, for propagation and identification. The results showed that none of the cultures had a homogeneous population and comprised a number of different types of virulence. There are 14 different types of virulence included among the groups of both cultures that have been identified as minor leaflet 3 and Luo type 10 (80-7-58). Some cultures have a relatively simple population that includes only 3 different types. In the identification of races, if the population of leaf rusts includes several different types of virulence, it is possible to mask the other types of resistant forms of infection that are identified by the infectious host type of infection that is caused by a pathogenic type on the host. Through the virulence analysis of the offspring of the monospore, the type of disease that is covered can be shown. The progeny of 100 single spore piles isolated from 4 cultures in this study were identified as 24 different types of virulence, indicating that the virulence of wheat leaf rust is very specialized and the population composition is also complex. If only one or a brief identification is made using the identification of race species established by Starkmann, the objectively included composition of the leaf rust population will not be revealed.