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用于支持高压输电线路铁塔(常用的四腿结构或独立中心支座拉线结构)基础所使用的地锚都曾做过大量的上拔试验。试验现场共有7个,地质条件为密实可耕土、深达39.02m的软粘土、密砂和砂砾、松散-密实的淤泥质砂土等。试验设备有动力驱动的多层螺旋锚和单根锚杆的灌浆锚。这些地锚均按不同深度进行组装。在深层粘土内仅适于多层螺旋锚试验。大多数情况地锚均为垂直上拔试验,只有少量组合锚进行了上拔和下压试验,并根据每个试验基地土特性的详细数据提出了全面的试验报告,因而在进行螺旋锚试验分析时,只需采用支承理论就可做出结论。而灌浆锚试验系根据土壤类型既可用摩擦理论也可用粘结理论进行分析。通过试验表明,初设使用的参数用一般土壤特性理论就可确定,但需进一步作真型试验研究使之更加完善。
The ground anchors used to support the foundations of high-voltage transmission line towers (commonly used four-leg structures or independent center-supported cable pull structures) have been subjected to a large number of pull-up tests. There are 7 test sites with geological conditions of compact arable soil, soft clay with a depth of 39.02m, dense sand and gravel, and loose-compact silty sand. The test equipment has a power driven multi-layer spiral anchor and a single anchor grouting anchor. These ground anchors are assembled at different depths. It is only suitable for multilayer spiral anchor tests in deep clays. In most cases, the anchors are vertical pull-out tests. Only a small number of combined anchors have been tested for pull-up and pull-down tests, and comprehensive test reports have been submitted based on the detailed data on the soil properties of each test site. Therefore, the analysis of spiral anchor tests is performed. At the time, it is only necessary to use support theory to make conclusions. The grouting anchor test can be analyzed according to the soil type using friction theory or bonding theory. Experiments have shown that the initial parameters used can be determined using general soil characteristics theory, but further research needs to be done to make it more perfect.