统编教材中关于比例应用题,从判断、列式到解题,都作了较大改革.用两种相关联量中相对应的两个数的积和商是否一定来判断正反比例关系,用简易方程来解比例应用题,使整个小学数学应用题成为一个有机的整体.这样处理,紧紧围绕基本数量关系进行分析判断,有利于提高学生的解题能力. In the compilation of textbooks on proportional applications, major reforms have been made from judgments, columns, and problem solving. The positive and negative proportions are determined by whether or not the product quotients of the two corresponding numbers in the two related quantities must be determined. Use simple equations to solve the problem of proportional applications, so that the entire primary school mathematics application problems become an organic whole. This treatment, closely around the basic quantitative relationship analysis and judgment, is conducive to improving students’ ability to solve problems.