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贝壳珍珠母是一种典型的无机/有机复合生物材料,通常位于软体动物盔甲的内层来抵御捕食者的捕食和外力的侵扰,体现了优异的力学性能,实现了强度和韧性的完美结合.它由95%(体积比)的文石碳酸钙和5%(体积比)的生物高聚物规则堆叠而成,呈现出独特的“砖泥”结构,其优异的力学性能和这种独特的结构有重要联系.因此,贝壳珍珠母常被用来作为仿生材料设计的模板,引起了化学家、材料学家和生物学家的强烈关注.本文详细介绍了贝壳珍珠母的多尺度微观结构及其增强增韧机制;以仿生复合材料中无机物的种类作为分类依据,系统地总结了仿贝壳珍珠母层状复合材料的发展现状;从仿贝壳珍珠母层状材料的性能出发,探讨了其在轻质高强、阻燃、气障、传感器和超级电容器等领域的应用;简要地总结了现阶段仿贝壳珍珠母层状复合材料的发展优势以及遇到的挑战,为新一代仿贝壳珍珠母材料的研究提供依据.
Shell mother of pearl is a typical inorganic / organic composite biomaterials, usually located in the inner layer of mollusk armor to resist the prey predators and external intrusion, reflecting the excellent mechanical properties, to achieve the perfect combination of strength and toughness. It consists of a regular stack of 95% by volume of aragonite and 5% by volume of biopolymer, presenting a unique “brick” structure with excellent mechanical properties and this Unique structure has an important relationship.Therefore, the mother of pearl shellfish is often used as a template for the design of bionic materials, aroused the chemists, materialologists and biologists strong concern.This paper describes in detail the multi-scale microscopic Structure and their toughening mechanism were discussed. Based on the classification of inorganic species in bionic composites, the development status of nacre-like layered composites was systematically summarized. Based on the properties of nacre-like laminates Its application in the fields of light weight high strength, flame retardant, gas barrier, sensor and supercapacitor; briefly summarizes the development advantages of the imitation shell nacreous layered composites and the problems encountered To provide a basis for the study of a new generation of imitation mother of pearl shell material.