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闭经(非生理性)是妇科常见病,其中少数病人临床表现闭经与泌乳,检查乳房时可从乳头挤压出一些液体,或患者自诉乳头自然分泌出少量乳汁。具备这两种临床表现者称为闭经—泌乳综合征。该病究竟是怎样发生的?首先要从泌乳谈起。一、泌乳是怎样发生的? 当体内有一定水平生乳素(PRL),乳房才能泌乳,而PRL是来自垂体前叶,垂体PRL分泌与释放是受下丘脑两种激素调节:一种是生乳素抑制因子(PIF),它通过门脉系统作用于垂体,抑制生乳素的分泌;另一种是促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH),它不但能促进促甲状腺激素(TSH)的分泌,也刺激垂体PRL的分泌(可能直接作用于垂体泌乳细胞)。任何因素抑制了生乳素抑制因子的分泌或促进促甲状腺激素释放激素的分泌均可造成血中PRL增高,增多的PRL直接作用于乳房,引起泌乳。
Amenorrhea (non-physiological) is a common gynecological disease, a small number of patients with clinical manifestations of amenorrhea and lactation, when the breast can be squeezed out some liquid from the nipple, or the patient’s self-tugging nipples naturally secrete a small amount of milk. With these two clinical manifestations known as amenorrhea - lactation syndrome. How does the disease actually happen? First of all, talk about lactation. First, how does lactation occur? When the body has a certain level of prolactin (PRL), the breast can be milk, and PRL is from the anterior pituitary, secretion and release of pituitary PRL is regulated by two hormones of the hypothalamus: one is the lactogen Inhibitory factor (PIF), which acts on the pituitary through the portal system, inhibits the secretion of prolactin; the other is the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which not only promotes the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), but also stimulates the pituitary gland. Secretion of PRL (may act directly on pituitary milk cells). Any factor that inhibits the secretion of prolactin inhibitors or promotes the secretion of thyrotropin-releasing hormone can cause increased PRL in the blood. The increased PRL acts directly on the breast and causes lactation.